According to Statista, more than 900,000 immigrants became naturalized citizens of the United States in 2022.
Various factors that shape the legal and social landscape influence citizenship. These factors play a pivotal role in determining who can claim the privileges of citizenship.
1. Birthright
Citizenship often stems from the principle of jus soli, which translates to “right of the soil.” In countries that follow this principle, individuals born within their borders are automatically considered citizens, regardless of their parents’ nationality. Birthright citizenship establishes a direct connection between an individual and the nation in which they were born.
2. Descent
Alternatively, some nations adhere to jus sanguinis, or “right of blood,” as a determining factor for citizenship. In these cases, individuals inherit citizenship from their parents, regardless of the place of their birth. This principle underscores the significance of familial ties and heritage in defining one’s national identity.
3. Naturalization and residency
For those not born into citizenship, the process of naturalization becomes important. This often involves meeting certain residency requirements, demonstrating a commitment to the country and fulfilling legal obligations. The duration of residency required for naturalization varies depending on marital status.
4. Citizenship tests and knowledge
Many countries employ citizenship tests as a means to assess an individual’s knowledge of the nation’s history, government and cultural values. By evaluating applicants’ understanding of their prospective homeland, authorities aim to ensure that new citizens actively engage in and contribute to the nation’s social fabric.
5. Political climate and policies
The political climate of a nation and its policies can significantly impact citizenship. Changes in government leadership or shifts in public opinion may result in alterations to citizenship laws, affecting the eligibility criteria and processes for obtaining or retaining citizenship.
Citizenship is a complex concept influenced by a combination of legal, social and political factors. Immigrants who wish to pursue citizenship should understand these factors to know how they affect the status of their application and the future of their family.
